前言
核心词汇第4篇。今天换一种方式——不再背单个词，而是背短语搭配和连接词。考试完形填空最爱考的就是固定搭配，阅读理解最关键的就是连词（连词告诉你句子之间的逻辑关系）。掌握这些，做题速度和准确率都会提升。
一、动词短语（20组）
动词短语是完形填空的头号考点，必须重点记忆。
| # |
短语 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 1 |
look at |
Please look at the blackboard. |
请看黑板。 |
看 |
| 2 |
look for |
I am looking for my keys. |
我在找我的钥匙。 |
寻找 |
| 3 |
look after |
She looks after her little brother. |
她照顾她的弟弟。 |
照顾 |
| 4 |
look up |
Look up the word in the dictionary. |
在字典里查这个词。 |
查阅 |
| 5 |
turn on |
Please turn on the light. |
请开灯。 |
打开（电器） |
| 6 |
turn off |
Don’t forget to turn off the TV. |
别忘了关电视。 |
关闭（电器） |
| 7 |
turn down |
Can you turn down the music? |
你能把音乐调小声点吗？ |
调小；拒绝 |
| 8 |
turn up |
Please turn up the volume. |
请把音量调大。 |
调大；出现 |
| 9 |
put on |
Put on your coat, it’s cold. |
穿上外套，天冷了。 |
穿上 |
| 10 |
take off |
Take off your shoes before entering. |
进门前脱鞋。 |
脱下；起飞 |
| 11 |
pick up |
I will pick up you at the station. |
我会在车站接你。 |
捡起；接人 |
| 12 |
give up |
Never give up your dream. |
永远不要放弃你的梦想。 |
放弃 |
| 13 |
give back |
Please give back the book tomorrow. |
请明天把书还回来。 |
归还 |
| 14 |
take part in |
I want to take part in the competition. |
我想参加比赛。 |
参加 |
| 15 |
take care of |
Take care of yourself. |
照顾好自己。 |
照顾 |
| 16 |
get along with |
I get along with my classmates. |
我和同学相处融洽。 |
与…相处 |
| 17 |
get up |
I get up at 6 every morning. |
我每天早上6点起床。 |
起床 |
| 18 |
set up |
They set up a new company. |
他们创办了一家新公司。 |
建立；设置 |
| 19 |
work out |
I work out at the gym every day. |
我每天在健身房锻炼。 |
锻炼；算出 |
| 20 |
find out |
I will find out the truth. |
我会查明真相。 |
查明 |
二、介词短语（15组）
| # |
短语 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 21 |
at first |
At first, I didn’t like it. |
起初我不喜欢它。 |
起初 |
| 22 |
at last |
At last, we reached the top. |
终于我们到了山顶。 |
终于 |
| 23 |
at least |
You should sleep at least 7 hours. |
你至少应该睡7小时。 |
至少 |
| 24 |
at once |
Please come here at once. |
请立刻过来。 |
立刻 |
| 25 |
in time |
We arrived just in time. |
我们刚好及时赶到。 |
及时 |
| 26 |
on time |
The train arrived on time. |
火车准时到达。 |
准时 |
| 27 |
in fact |
In fact, he is very shy. |
事实上他很害羞。 |
事实上 |
| 28 |
in order to |
In order to pass, you must study hard. |
为了通过考试，你必须努力学习。 |
为了 |
| 29 |
in front of |
There is a tree in front of the house. |
房子前面有一棵树。 |
在…前面 |
| 30 |
instead of |
I chose tea instead of coffee. |
我选了茶而不是咖啡。 |
代替；而不是 |
| 31 |
because of |
The match was delayed because of the rain. |
比赛因为下雨而推迟。 |
因为 |
| 32 |
by the way |
By the way, what’s your name? |
顺便问一下，你叫什么名字？ |
顺便说 |
| 33 |
on the other hand |
On the other hand, it is cheaper. |
另一方面，它更便宜。 |
另一方面 |
| 34 |
for example |
For example, apples and oranges are fruits. |
例如，苹果和橙子是水果。 |
例如 |
| 35 |
of course |
Of course, I will help you. |
当然，我会帮你的。 |
当然 |
三、并列连词（10词）
连词决定句子间的逻辑关系，阅读理解中找准连词=找准答案方向。
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 36 |
and |
/ænd/ |
I like apples and bananas. |
我喜欢苹果和香蕉。 |
和；并且 |
| 37 |
but |
/bʌt/ |
I want to go, but I am busy. |
我想去，但我很忙。 |
但是 |
| 38 |
or |
/ɔː/ |
Do you like tea or coffee? |
你喜欢茶还是咖啡？ |
或者；还是 |
| 39 |
so |
/səʊ/ |
It was late, so I went home. |
天晚了，所以我回家了。 |
所以 |
| 40 |
for |
/fɔː/ |
I stayed home, for it was raining. |
我待在家里，因为下雨了。 |
因为（补充原因） |
| 41 |
nor |
/nɔː/ |
I nor he knew the answer. |
我和他都不知道答案。 |
也不 |
| 42 |
both…and |
— |
Both Tom and Jerry came. |
汤姆和杰瑞都来了。 |
两者都 |
| 43 |
either…or |
— |
Either you or he is wrong. |
要么你要么他是错的。 |
要么…要么 |
| 44 |
neither…nor |
— |
Neither he nor I like it. |
他和我都不喜欢。 |
既不…也不 |
| 45 |
not only…but also |
— |
She is not only smart but also kind. |
她不仅聪明而且善良。 |
不仅…而且 |
四、从属连词（15词）
从属连词引导从句，是阅读长难句的”路标”。
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
引导从句类型 |
| 46 |
because |
/bɪˈkɒz/ |
I stayed home because I was sick. |
我待在家里因为我病了。 |
因为 |
原因 |
| 47 |
since |
/sɪns/ |
Since you are here, let’s start. |
既然你来了，我们开始吧。 |
既然；自从 |
原因/时间 |
| 48 |
as |
/æz/ |
As I was walking, it rained. |
我正走着，下雨了。 |
当…时；因为 |
时间/原因 |
| 49 |
while |
/waɪl/ |
While I was reading, he was sleeping. |
我在读书时他在睡觉。 |
当…时；然而 |
时间/对比 |
| 50 |
when |
/wen/ |
Call me when you arrive. |
你到了给我打电话。 |
当…时 |
时间 |
| 51 |
before |
/bɪˈfɔː/ |
Wash your hands before you eat. |
吃饭前要洗手。 |
在…之前 |
时间 |
| 52 |
after |
/ˈɑːftə/ |
After he left, I started to work. |
他走后我开始工作。 |
在…之后 |
时间 |
| 53 |
until |
/ʌnˈtɪl/ |
I waited until 10 p.m. |
我一直等到晚上10点。 |
直到 |
时间 |
| 54 |
if |
/ɪf/ |
If it rains, I will stay home. |
如果下雨，我就待在家里。 |
如果 |
条件 |
| 55 |
unless |
/ʌnˈles/ |
I won’t go unless you go with me. |
除非你和我一起去，否则我不去。 |
除非 |
条件 |
| 56 |
although |
/ɔːlˈðəʊ/ |
Although he is young, he is smart. |
虽然他年纪小，但很聪明。 |
虽然 |
让步 |
| 57 |
though |
/ðəʊ/ |
He is happy though he is poor. |
虽然穷但他很快乐。 |
虽然 |
让步 |
| 58 |
so that |
/səʊ ðæt/ |
Study hard so that you can pass. |
努力学习以便你能通过。 |
以便 |
目的 |
| 59 |
so…that |
— |
It was so cold that I couldn’t move. |
太冷了以至于我动不了。 |
如此…以至于 |
结果 |
| 60 |
whether |
/ˈweðə/ |
I don’t know whether he will come. |
我不知道他是否会来。 |
是否 |
宾语从句 |
五、代词与限定词（15词）
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
词性 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 61 |
each |
/iːtʃ/ |
pron./adj. |
Each student has a book. |
每个学生都有一本书。 |
每个 |
| 62 |
every |
/ˈevri/ |
adj. |
Every child likes games. |
每个孩子都喜欢游戏。 |
每一个 |
| 63 |
both |
/bəʊθ/ |
pron./adj. |
Both of them are teachers. |
他们两个都是老师。 |
两个都 |
| 64 |
all |
/ɔːl/ |
pron./adj. |
All the students passed. |
所有学生都通过了。 |
全部 |
| 65 |
none |
/nʌn/ |
pron. |
None of them came. |
他们一个也没来。 |
没有一个 |
| 66 |
another |
/əˈnʌðə/ |
pron./adj. |
Can I have another cup? |
我能再来一杯吗？ |
另一个 |
| 67 |
other |
/ˈʌðə/ |
adj./pron. |
Do you have other questions? |
你还有其他问题吗？ |
其他的 |
| 68 |
either |
/ˈaɪðə/ |
pron./adj. |
Either day is fine with me. |
哪天都行。 |
两者之一 |
| 69 |
neither |
/ˈnaɪðə/ |
pron./adj. |
Neither answer is correct. |
两个答案都不对。 |
两者都不 |
| 70 |
such |
/sʌtʃ/ |
adj./pron. |
I have never seen such a beautiful place. |
我从没见过这么美的地方。 |
如此的 |
| 71 |
same |
/seɪm/ |
adj. |
We are in the same class. |
我们在同一个班。 |
相同的 |
| 72 |
several |
/ˈsevrəl/ |
adj. |
I have several questions. |
我有几个问题。 |
几个 |
| 73 |
enough |
/ɪˈnʌf/ |
adj./adv. |
Is the water enough? |
水够吗？ |
足够的 |
| 74 |
own |
/əʊn/ |
adj./v. |
I have my own room. |
我有自己的房间。 |
自己的 |
| 75 |
whole |
/həʊl/ |
adj. |
The whole class was quiet. |
全班都很安静。 |
整个的 |
六、情态动词与助动词（10词）
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 76 |
can |
/kæn/ |
I can swim. |
我会游泳。 |
能；会 |
| 77 |
could |
/kʊd/ |
Could you help me? |
你能帮我吗？ |
能（过去/委婉） |
| 78 |
may |
/meɪ/ |
It may rain tomorrow. |
明天可能会下雨。 |
可能；可以 |
| 79 |
might |
/maɪt/ |
He might come later. |
他可能晚点来。 |
可能（更不确定） |
| 80 |
must |
/mʌst/ |
You must finish it today. |
你今天必须完成。 |
必须 |
| 81 |
should |
/ʃʊd/ |
You should study harder. |
你应该更努力学习。 |
应该 |
| 82 |
shall |
/ʃæl/ |
Shall we go now? |
我们现在走吗？ |
将要（征求意见） |
| 83 |
will |
/wɪl/ |
I will call you later. |
我稍后给你打电话。 |
将要 |
| 84 |
would |
/wʊd/ |
Would you like some tea? |
你想喝茶吗？ |
愿意（委婉） |
| 85 |
need |
/niːd/ |
You need to study more. |
你需要多学习。 |
需要 |
七、其他高频功能词（15词）
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
词性 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 86 |
then |
/ðen/ |
adv. |
First read, then answer. |
先阅读，然后回答。 |
然后 |
| 87 |
however |
/haʊˈevə/ |
adv. |
I was tired. However, I kept working. |
我很累，然而我继续工作。 |
然而 |
| 88 |
therefore |
/ˈðeəfɔː/ |
adv. |
He studied hard; therefore, he passed. |
他努力学习，因此通过了。 |
因此 |
| 89 |
moreover |
/mɔːˈrəʊvə/ |
adv. |
It is cheap. Moreover, it is easy to use. |
它很便宜，而且容易用。 |
而且 |
| 90 |
otherwise |
/ˈʌðəwaɪz/ |
adv. |
Hurry up, otherwise you’ll be late. |
快点，否则你会迟到。 |
否则 |
| 91 |
anyway |
/ˈeniweɪ/ |
adv. |
It’s hard, but I’ll try anyway. |
很难，但无论如何我会试试。 |
无论如何 |
| 92 |
perhaps |
/pəˈhæps/ |
adv. |
Perhaps he is right. |
也许他是对的。 |
也许 |
| 93 |
actually |
/ˈæktʃuəli/ |
adv. |
Actually, I don’t agree. |
实际上，我不同意。 |
实际上 |
| 94 |
especially |
/ɪˈspeʃəli/ |
adv. |
I love fruit, especially strawberries. |
我喜欢水果，特别是草莓。 |
特别是 |
| 95 |
recently |
/ˈriːsntli/ |
adv. |
I have been busy recently. |
我最近很忙。 |
最近 |
| 96 |
hardly |
/ˈhɑːdli/ |
adv. |
I can hardly believe it. |
我几乎不敢相信。 |
几乎不 |
| 97 |
whether |
/ˈweðə/ |
conj. |
I wonder whether it will rain. |
我想知道是否会下雨。 |
是否 |
| 98 |
once |
/wʌns/ |
adv./conj. |
I visited Beijing once. |
我去过一次北京。 |
一次；曾经 |
| 99 |
else |
/els/ |
adv. |
What else do you want? |
你还想要什么？ |
其他的 |
| 100 |
rather |
/ˈrɑːðə/ |
adv. |
It is rather cold today. |
今天相当冷。 |
相当；宁愿 |
今日复习方法
- 第一遍（40分钟）：动词短语逐个朗读，注意区分 look at/for/after/up 的区别
- 第二遍（30分钟）：连词部分重点理解逻辑关系——转折(but/however)、因果(because/so/therefore)、条件(if/unless)
- 第三遍（20分钟）：介词短语造句练习，每个短语写一个自己的句子
- 睡前（10分钟）：快速浏览全部短语和连词
连词做题技巧：看到 but/however/although → 前后意思相反；看到 because/so/therefore → 前后有因果关系；看到 if/unless → 考条件推理。
小结
今天学了100词（4/5）：动词短语20组、介词短语15组、并列连词10个、从属连词15个、代词限定词15个、情态动词10个、功能词15个。明天（D6）最后一篇：考试易错词+综合。