前言
昨天学了格式和模板句，今天写一篇完整作文，然后学短文改错——找出别人文章中的语法错误，这其实比写作更能检验你的语法功底。
一、完整作文实战
题目
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom来信说他最近学习压力很大，经常失眠。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
- 表示理解和关心
- 给出至少两条建议
- 表达祝福
词数：80-100词。
写作步骤
第1步：列提纲（1分钟）
| 段落 | 内容 | 用到的模板句 |
|---|---|---|
| 开头 | 收到来信，表示理解 | I am glad to hear from you. I am sorry to hear that… |
| 中间 | 给建议（运动+放松） | First… Second… |
| 结尾 | 祝福+期待回复 | I hope… Looking forward to… |
第2步：写正文（8分钟）
1 | Dear Tom, |
第3步：检查（1分钟）
| 检查项 | 是否通过 |
|---|---|
| 格式（Dear/Yours/签名） | ✅ |
| 字数（80-100词） | ✅ 约95词 |
| 要点齐全（理解+建议+祝福） | ✅ |
| 时态一致 | ✅ 全文现在时 |
| 拼写无误 | ✅ |
二、短文改错
什么是短文改错
给一篇短文，其中有10处错误（每行最多1处），需要找出并改正。错误类型固定，掌握规律就能拿分。
10类常见错误
1. 时态错误
| 错误 | 改正 | 规则 |
|---|---|---|
| Yesterday I go to school. | went | yesterday用一般过去时 |
| He is lived here for 5 years. | has lived | for+时间段用现在完成时 |
| Look! She dances. | is dancing | Look!用现在进行时 |
2. 主谓一致
| 错误 | 改正 | 规则 |
|---|---|---|
| He like music. | likes | he是三单，动词加s |
| The students is reading. | are | students是复数 |
| Everyone are here. | is | everyone用单数动词 |
3. 名词单复数
| 错误 | 改正 | 规则 |
|---|---|---|
| I have two book. | books | two+复数 |
| There are many sheeps. | sheep | sheep单复数同形 |
| The leafs are yellow. | leaves | leaf→leaves |
4. 冠词错误
| 错误 | 改正 | 规则 |
|---|---|---|
| He is a honest man. | an | honest的h不发音，用an |
| I play the basketball. | 去掉the | 球类运动不加the |
| She is a university student. | a | university的u发/juː/，用a |
5. 介词错误
| 错误 | 改正 | 规则 |
|---|---|---|
| I am good in English. | at | be good at固定搭配 |
| She arrived in 8 o’clock. | at | 具体时刻用at |
| He has been here for 2020. | since | since+时间点 |
6. 代词错误
| 错误 | 改正 | 规则 |
|---|---|---|
| Everyone should do their best. | his or her / their(口语可) | everyone单数 |
| Him and I went there. | He | 作主语用主格 |
| This is my and her room. | our | 共用一个房间用our |
7. 形容词/副词混用
| 错误 | 改正 | 规则 |
|---|---|---|
| He runs quick. | quickly | 修饰动词用副词 |
| She is real beautiful. | really | 修饰形容词用副词 |
| The soup tastes well. | good | 感官动词后用形容词 |
8. 非谓语动词
| 错误 | 改正 | 规则 |
|---|---|---|
| I enjoy to play basketball. | playing | enjoy+doing |
| She decided going abroad. | to go | decide+to do |
| He made me to laugh. | laugh | make sb. do |
9. 连词错误
| 错误 | 改正 | 规则 |
|---|---|---|
| Although he is young, but he is smart. | 去掉but | although和but不能连用 |
| Because he was ill, so he didn’t go. | 去掉so | because和so不能连用 |
| I don’t know if he will come or not. | whether | whether…or not固定搭配 |
10. 固定搭配
| 错误 | 改正 | 规则 |
|---|---|---|
| He is interested about music. | in | be interested in |
| She is proud for her son. | of | be proud of |
| I spent 2 hours to read the book. | reading | spend…doing |
三、短文改错实战
找出以下短文中的10处错误并改正：
Dear Tom,
I am glad to hear from you. In your letter, you said you have some problem with your English learning. Don’t worry. Here is some advices for you. First, you should read more English book. Reading can help you learn new words and improve your writing. Second, try to speak English as many as possible. Don’t be afraid of make mistakes. Everyone makes mistakes when they learn a new language. Third, you can listen English news every morning. This can help you improve your listening. Although learning English is not easy, but if you keep working hard, you will make a great progress. I hope these suggestion will help you.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
| # | 错误 | 改正 | 类型 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | problem | problems | 名词单复数 |
| 2 | advices | advice | advice不可数名词 |
| 3 | book | books | 名词单复数 |
| 4 | many | much | as much as possible |
| 5 | of make | of making | 介词+doing |
| 6 | listen English | listen to English | listen to固定搭配 |
| 7 | Although…but | 去掉but | although和but不能连用 |
| 8 | a great progress | great progress | progress不可数，去掉a |
| 9 | suggestion | suggestions | 名词单复数 |
| 10 | have | had | 时态：said you had（时态呼应） |
四、写作练习
请用今天学的方法，写一篇关于”如何保持健康”的作文（80-100词）：
要点：1. 健康的重要性 2. 至少三条建议 3. 总结
参考范文
1 | How to Keep Healthy |
小结
今天学了：
- 完整作文：提纲→正文→检查，三步法写书信
- 短文改错10类错误：时态/主谓一致/单复数/冠词/介词/代词/形副混用/非谓语/连词/固定搭配
- 改错实战：10处错误逐个找出
明天（D19）开始冲刺模拟——全真模拟第1套！