前言
进阶词汇第9篇。今天专门针对阅读理解中反复出现的高频词。阅读理解不要求每个词都精确理解，但有些词一旦不认识，整段意思就跑偏。这些词就是今天的重点。
一、观点与论述词（15词）
阅读理解中作者表达观点时最常用的词。
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
词性 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 1 |
opinion |
/əˈpɪnjən/ |
n. |
In my opinion, this plan is good. |
在我看来，这个计划不错。 |
观点 |
| 2 |
view |
/vjuː/ |
n. |
What is your view on this issue? |
你对这个问题的看法是什么？ |
观点；景色 |
| 3 |
attitude |
/ˈætɪtjuːd/ |
n. |
His attitude towards study is positive. |
他对学习的态度很积极。 |
态度 |
| 4 |
argument |
/ˈɑːɡjumənt/ |
n. |
He made a strong argument for the plan. |
他为计划提出了有力的论据。 |
论点；争论 |
| 5 |
statement |
/ˈsteɪtmənt/ |
n. |
Do you agree with this statement? |
你同意这个说法吗？ |
陈述 |
| 6 |
claim |
/kleɪm/ |
v./n. |
He claimed that he was innocent. |
他声称自己是无辜的。 |
声称；要求 |
| 7 |
prove |
/pruːv/ |
v. |
The test proved he was right. |
测试证明他是对的。 |
证明 |
| 8 |
assume |
/əˈsjuːm/ |
v. |
I assume you have read the book. |
我假设你读过这本书。 |
假设 |
| 9 |
conclude |
/kənˈkluːd/ |
v. |
We concluded that the plan was feasible. |
我们得出结论计划可行。 |
得出结论 |
| 10 |
conclusion |
/kənˈkluːʒn/ |
n. |
What conclusion can you draw? |
你能得出什么结论？ |
结论 |
| 11 |
evidence |
/ˈevɪdəns/ |
n. |
There is no evidence to support his claim. |
没有证据支持他的说法。 |
证据 |
| 12 |
factor |
/ˈfæktə/ |
n. |
Price is an important factor. |
价格是一个重要因素。 |
因素 |
| 13 |
issue |
/ˈɪʃuː/ |
n. |
Pollution is a serious issue. |
污染是一个严重的问题。 |
问题；议题 |
| 14 |
aspect |
/ˈæspekt/ |
n. |
We should consider every aspect of the problem. |
我们应该考虑问题的每个方面。 |
方面 |
| 15 |
perspective |
/pəˈspektɪv/ |
n. |
Try to see things from a different perspective. |
试着从不同角度看问题。 |
视角 |
二、因果与逻辑词（15词）
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
词性 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 16 |
cause |
/kɔːz/ |
n./v. |
What caused the accident? |
什么导致了事故？ |
原因；导致 |
| 17 |
result |
/rɪˈzʌlt/ |
n. |
The result was better than expected. |
结果比预期好。 |
结果 |
| 18 |
consequence |
/ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/ |
n. |
You must face the consequences. |
你必须面对后果。 |
后果 |
| 19 |
therefore |
/ˈðeəfɔː/ |
adv. |
He was ill; therefore, he didn’t go. |
他病了，因此没去。 |
因此 |
| 20 |
thus |
/ðʌs/ |
adv. |
She worked hard, thus she succeeded. |
她努力工作，因此成功了。 |
因此 |
| 21 |
hence |
/hens/ |
adv. |
He was busy, hence the delay. |
他很忙，所以耽搁了。 |
因此 |
| 22 |
due to |
/djuː tuː/ |
prep. |
The delay was due to bad weather. |
延误是由于恶劣天气。 |
由于 |
| 23 |
owing to |
/ˈəʊɪŋ tuː/ |
prep. |
Owing to the rain, the match was cancelled. |
由于下雨，比赛取消了。 |
由于 |
| 24 |
thanks to |
/θæŋks tuː/ |
prep. |
Thanks to your help, I passed. |
多亏你的帮助，我通过了。 |
多亏 |
| 25 |
lead to |
/liːd tuː/ |
v. |
Smoking can lead to cancer. |
吸烟可能导致癌症。 |
导致 |
| 26 |
contribute to |
/kənˈtrɪbjuːt tuː/ |
v. |
Hard work contributed to his success. |
努力促成了他的成功。 |
促成；贡献 |
| 27 |
account for |
/əˈkaʊnt fɔː/ |
v. |
How do you account for the accident? |
你怎么解释这个事故？ |
解释；占比例 |
| 28 |
result in |
/rɪˈzʌlt ɪn/ |
v. |
The fire resulted in great loss. |
火灾导致了巨大损失。 |
导致 |
| 29 |
result from |
/rɪˈzʌlt frɒm/ |
v. |
His illness resulted from overwork. |
他的病因是过度劳累。 |
起因于 |
| 30 |
arise from |
/əˈraɪz frɒm/ |
v. |
Many problems arise from poor communication. |
很多问题源于沟通不畅。 |
源于 |
三、对比与转折词（10词）
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
词性 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 31 |
however |
/haʊˈevə/ |
adv. |
It was raining. However, we went out. |
下着雨，然而我们还是出去了。 |
然而 |
| 32 |
nevertheless |
/ˌnevəðəˈles/ |
adv. |
It was expensive; nevertheless, she bought it. |
很贵，尽管如此她还是买了。 |
尽管如此 |
| 33 |
meanwhile |
/ˈmiːnwaɪl/ |
adv. |
I was studying; meanwhile, he was sleeping. |
我在学习；与此同时他在睡觉。 |
与此同时 |
| 34 |
whereas |
/weərˈæz/ |
conj. |
He likes sports, whereas she likes music. |
他喜欢运动，而她喜欢音乐。 |
而；然而 |
| 35 |
unlike |
/ʌnˈlaɪk/ |
prep. |
Unlike his brother, he is quiet. |
跟他哥哥不同，他很安静。 |
与…不同 |
| 36 |
despite |
/dɪˈspaɪt/ |
prep. |
Despite the rain, we enjoyed the trip. |
尽管下雨，我们还是享受了旅行。 |
尽管 |
| 37 |
in spite of |
/ɪn spaɪt əv/ |
prep. |
In spite of the difficulties, he never gave up. |
尽管有困难，他从不放弃。 |
尽管 |
| 38 |
on the contrary |
/ɒn ðə ˈkɒntrəri/ |
prep. |
On the contrary, I think it is easy. |
恰恰相反，我觉得它很简单。 |
相反地 |
| 39 |
instead |
/ɪnˈsted/ |
adv. |
I didn’t go out; I stayed home instead. |
我没出去，而是待在家里。 |
代替；反而 |
| 40 |
otherwise |
/ˈʌðəwaɪz/ |
adv. |
Hurry up, otherwise you’ll miss the bus. |
快点，否则你会错过公交。 |
否则 |
四、教育与社会话题词（15词）
阅读理解常考教育、社会、科技类文章，这些词反复出现。
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
词性 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 41 |
quality |
/ˈkwɒləti/ |
n. |
The quality of this product is excellent. |
这个产品的质量很好。 |
质量；品质 |
| 42 |
quantity |
/ˈkwɒntəti/ |
n. |
We need a large quantity of food. |
我们需要大量食物。 |
数量 |
| 43 |
standard |
/ˈstændəd/ |
n. |
The standard of living has improved. |
生活水平提高了。 |
标准 |
| 44 |
principle |
/ˈprɪnsəpl/ |
n. |
He always follows his principles. |
他总是遵循自己的原则。 |
原则 |
| 45 |
value |
/ˈvæljuː/ |
n./v. |
What is the value of this painting? |
这幅画的价值是多少？ |
价值；重视 |
| 46 |
benefit |
/ˈbenɪfɪt/ |
n./v. |
Exercise has many benefits. |
锻炼有很多好处。 |
好处；受益 |
| 47 |
harm |
/hɑːm/ |
n./v. |
Smoking does harm to your health. |
吸烟对你的健康有害。 |
伤害 |
| 48 |
influence |
/ˈɪnfluəns/ |
n./v. |
Parents influence their children greatly. |
父母对孩子影响很大。 |
影响 |
| 49 |
impact |
/ˈɪmpækt/ |
n. |
The impact of technology is huge. |
科技的影响是巨大的。 |
影响；冲击 |
| 50 |
opportunity |
/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ |
n. |
This is a great opportunity. |
这是一个好机会。 |
机会 |
| 51 |
challenge |
/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ |
n./v. |
Learning English is a challenge for me. |
学英语对我来说是个挑战。 |
挑战 |
| 52 |
achievement |
/əˈtʃiːvmənt/ |
n. |
His achievement made us proud. |
他的成就让我们骄傲。 |
成就 |
| 53 |
contribution |
/ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/ |
n. |
She made a great contribution to science. |
她对科学做出了巨大贡献。 |
贡献 |
| 54 |
responsibility |
/rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ |
n. |
It is our responsibility to protect the earth. |
保护地球是我们的责任。 |
责任 |
| 55 |
freedom |
/ˈfriːdəm/ |
n. |
Everyone has the freedom of speech. |
每个人都有言论自由。 |
自由 |
五、科技与环境词（10词）
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
词性 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 56 |
invention |
/ɪnˈvenʃn/ |
n. |
The invention of the internet changed the world. |
互联网的发明改变了世界。 |
发明 |
| 57 |
discovery |
/dɪˈskʌvəri/ |
n. |
The discovery of DNA was a breakthrough. |
DNA的发现是一个突破。 |
发现 |
| 58 |
experiment |
/ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ |
n. |
The experiment was successful. |
实验成功了。 |
实验 |
| 59 |
research |
/rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ |
n./v. |
She is doing research on climate change. |
她在做气候变化的研究。 |
研究 |
| 60 |
data |
/ˈdeɪtə/ |
n. |
The data shows a clear trend. |
数据显示了明显的趋势。 |
数据 |
| 61 |
resource |
/rɪˈzɔːs/ |
n. |
Water is a limited resource. |
水是有限的资源。 |
资源 |
| 62 |
material |
/məˈtɪəriəl/ |
n. |
What material is this made of? |
这是用什么材料做的？ |
材料 |
| 63 |
device |
/dɪˈvaɪs/ |
n. |
This device can measure temperature. |
这个设备可以测量温度。 |
设备；装置 |
| 64 |
carbon |
/ˈkɑːbən/ |
n. |
We should reduce carbon emissions. |
我们应该减少碳排放。 |
碳 |
| 65 |
renewable |
/rɪˈnjuːəbl/ |
adj. |
Solar energy is a renewable resource. |
太阳能是可再生资源。 |
可再生的 |
六、经济与消费词（10词）
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
词性 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 66 |
economy |
/ɪˈkɒnəmi/ |
n. |
The economy is growing fast. |
经济增长很快。 |
经济 |
| 67 |
trade |
/treɪd/ |
n./v. |
International trade is important. |
国际贸易很重要。 |
贸易 |
| 68 |
market |
/ˈmɑːkɪt/ |
n. |
The market is very competitive. |
市场竞争激烈。 |
市场 |
| 69 |
profit |
/ˈprɒfɪt/ |
n. |
The company made a large profit. |
公司获得了巨额利润。 |
利润 |
| 70 |
cost |
/kɒst/ |
n./v. |
The cost of living is rising. |
生活成本在上涨。 |
成本；花费 |
| 71 |
consumer |
/kənˈsjuːmə/ |
n. |
Consumers want better products. |
消费者想要更好的产品。 |
消费者 |
| 72 |
production |
/prəˈdʌkʃn/ |
n. |
The factory increased its production. |
工厂增加了产量。 |
生产 |
| 73 |
supply |
/səˈplaɪ/ |
n./v. |
The supply of water is limited. |
水的供应有限。 |
供应 |
| 74 |
demand |
/dɪˈmɑːnd/ |
n./v. |
There is a high demand for engineers. |
对工程师的需求很高。 |
需求；要求 |
| 75 |
advertise |
/ˈædvətaɪz/ |
v. |
They advertised their product on TV. |
他们在电视上做了广告。 |
做广告 |
七、描述与评价动词（15词）
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
词性 |
例句 |
翻译 |
释义 |
| 76 |
compare |
/kəmˈpeə/ |
v. |
Compare the two pictures and find the differences. |
比较两幅图找出不同。 |
比较 |
| 77 |
contrast |
/kənˈtrɑːst/ |
v./n. |
His words contrast with his actions. |
他的言行不一致。 |
对比 |
| 78 |
evaluate |
/ɪˈvæljueɪt/ |
v. |
We need to evaluate the result. |
我们需要评估结果。 |
评估 |
| 79 |
estimate |
/ˈestɪmeɪt/ |
v. |
I estimate the cost at 500 yuan. |
我估计费用为500元。 |
估计 |
| 80 |
analyze |
/ˈænəlaɪz/ |
v. |
Let’s analyze the data. |
让我们分析数据。 |
分析 |
| 81 |
indicate |
/ˈɪndɪkeɪt/ |
v. |
The report indicates a serious problem. |
报告表明存在严重问题。 |
表明；指示 |
| 82 |
represent |
/ˌreprɪˈzent/ |
v. |
This flag represents our country. |
这面旗帜代表我们的国家。 |
代表 |
| 83 |
emphasize |
/ˈemfəsaɪz/ |
v. |
The teacher emphasized the importance of reading. |
老师强调了阅读的重要性。 |
强调 |
| 84 |
reflect |
/rɪˈflekt/ |
v. |
His words reflect his personality. |
他的话反映了他的性格。 |
反映；反射 |
| 85 |
reveal |
/rɪˈviːl/ |
v. |
The study revealed some surprising facts. |
研究揭示了一些令人惊讶的事实。 |
揭示 |
| 86 |
demonstrate |
/ˈdemənstreɪt/ |
v. |
The experiment demonstrated the theory. |
实验证明了这个理论。 |
证明；演示 |
| 87 |
maintain |
/meɪnˈteɪn/ |
v. |
We must maintain good habits. |
我们必须保持好习惯。 |
保持；维护 |
| 88 |
obtain |
/əbˈteɪn/ |
v. |
She obtained a scholarship. |
她获得了奖学金。 |
获得 |
| 89 |
involve |
/ɪnˈvɒlv/ |
v. |
The project involves many people. |
这个项目涉及很多人。 |
涉及 |
| 90 |
adopt |
/əˈdɒpt/ |
v. |
They adopted a new teaching method. |
他们采用了新的教学方法。 |
采用；收养 |
八、阅读理解解题关键词（10词）
这些词出现在题目中，决定了你要找什么类型的答案。
| # |
单词 |
音标 |
词性 |
题目示例 |
翻译 |
提示 |
| 91 |
mainly |
/ˈmeɪnli/ |
adv. |
What is the passage mainly about? |
文章主要讲了什么？ |
找主旨 |
| 92 |
purpose |
/ˈpɜːpəs/ |
n. |
What is the purpose of this text? |
这篇文章的目的是什么？ |
找意图 |
| 93 |
imply |
/ɪmˈplaɪ/ |
v. |
What does the author imply? |
作者暗示了什么？ |
找言外之意 |
| 94 |
infer |
/ɪnˈfɜː/ |
v. |
What can we infer from the passage? |
从文章可以推断什么？ |
找推断 |
| 95 |
attitude |
/ˈætɪtjuːd/ |
n. |
What is the author’s attitude? |
作者的态度是什么？ |
找态度 |
| 96 |
tone |
/təʊn/ |
n. |
What is the tone of the passage? |
文章的语气是什么？ |
找语气 |
| 97 |
according to |
/əˈkɔːdɪŋ tuː/ |
prep. |
According to the passage, which is true? |
根据文章，哪个是对的？ |
回原文找 |
| 98 |
suggest |
/səˈdʒest/ |
v. |
The passage suggests that… |
文章暗示… |
找建议/暗示 |
| 99 |
mention |
/ˈmenʃn/ |
v. |
Which is NOT mentioned? |
哪个没有被提到？ |
排除法 |
| 100 |
refer to |
/rɪˈfɜː tuː/ |
v. |
What does “it” refer to? |
“it”指的是什么？ |
找指代 |
今日复习方法
- 第一遍（40分钟）：逐组朗读，观点论述词和因果逻辑词是阅读核心
- 第二遍（30分钟）：因果词注意区分 due to/owing to/thanks to 的感情色彩
- 第三遍（20分钟）：解题关键词重点记忆，考试时看到这些词就知道怎么找答案
- 睡前（10分钟）：快速浏览全部100词
阅读做题技巧：看到 mainly/purpose → 找首尾段；看到 imply/infer → 不能选原文直说的；看到 according to → 回原文定位。
小结
今天学了100词（9/10）：观点论述词15、因果逻辑词15、对比转折词10、教育社会词15、科技环境词10、经济消费词10、描述评价动词15、解题关键词10。明天（D10）最后一篇：综合易错与冲刺。